The cost of an bike is primarily based on the following factors. This applies for almost all products that are manufactured.
Raw material cost - Cost if the different materials used for your productsConversion cost - Prcoessing cost of raw materials to an finished partOverhead cost - Salaries of employees,Etc.Development cost - R&D investments used for developing a product.
Considering this above factors Honda and Yamaha manufacturers bikes in India with local facilities around different states. TVSM and Bajaj is also makes and sells across India.
But the primary difference comes in terms of development of product say in R&D. TVSM and Bajaj has indigenous development centres in India whereas Yamaha and Honda has to import designs and develop here in India. Though they have manufacturing and development in India almost all their products are mainly developed in Japan for Indian market and the design in implemented here in India. One could disagree that they have their own R&D here so they develop here. But unfortunately it is not so. Every product drawing which is requested for change has to go through their Japanese counter parts and then it is implemented with proper approval.
In terms of raw materials and conversions along with over head cost all four are similar. Being it the supplier development of individual parts, Employing the locals all are same. But the main catch is as I said the over head cost in developing the part is the difference. Bajaj and TVSM being the home grown companies they are developing products with an high price sensitive tone considering price sensitive market of India. And they sell it for an less price with an less development cost. Not that they don't do more developments. Their technology and development methods are on par with Honda and Yamaha.
Also hero is similar but the cost of royalty to Honda designs Is keeping their prices 3% above others. But due to large volume of their sales they are able to balance it out. So they are also coming out with new designs of their own but I wouldn't agree that they have completely came out Honda designs.
Lastly like someone pointed out in earlier answer branding price is also adds up but it is close to negligible.
Just sharing things on my basic knowledge.
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